Ua holomua nui nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻo UC Riverside i ka heihei e hoʻomalu i nā pane o nā mea kanu i ka wela ma ka honua e hoʻomehana wikiwiki ana. ʻO ke kī i kēia holomua ʻo miRNA, kahi mole ma kahi o 200,000 mau manawa liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka laula o ka lauoho kanaka.
Me ka piʻi haʻahaʻa o ka mahana, e ulu aʻe nā mea kanu i mea e pale ai i ka lepo wela a loaʻa ka ea hou. ʻO kahi haʻawina ʻāina i paʻi ʻia ma ka puke pai Nature Hoʻokaʻa ' hōʻike i ka microRNA a i ʻole miRNA pono no kēia ulu. Hoʻomaopopo pū ka haʻawina i ka miRNA nā moleikiki—mai loko mai o 100 mau mea hiki—ʻo ia nā mea nui.
"Ua ʻike mākou ʻaʻole e ulu nā mea kanu miRNA, ʻoiai inā mākou e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i nā mahana, ʻoiai ma ke alo o nā hormones ulu hou," wahi a UCR botany professor and study co-author Meng Chen.
ʻO ka RNA kahi waikawa nucleic i loaʻa i nā mea āpau nā hunaola ola, a ʻo kāna kuleana ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he ʻelele e lawe ana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo mai ka DNA o ke kelepona no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻano protein. Pono nō hoʻi ʻo MicroRNA no ka hoʻomohala olakino i nā cell biological. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e hoʻopaʻa i kahi pahu RNA kikoʻī a pale i kēlā pahuhopu mai ka hana ʻana i ka mea i hoʻolālā ʻia e hana.
"Ke kāohi nei ʻo MiRNA i ka hana ʻana o kāna RNA i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kahi ʻokiʻoki i kāna pahuhopu, a i ʻole ma ke kāohi ʻana i kāna RNA i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai ka unuhi ʻana i loko o kahi protein ʻē aʻe," wahi a UCR botany professor and study co-author Xuemei Chen.
Ua kōkua ka lab o Xuemei Chen ma UCR e ʻike i ka miRNA i nā mea kanu. Ua ʻike mua ka hale hana ʻo Meng Chen i nā ʻāpana i komo i ka wā mua o ka ʻike wela o nā mea kanu. Ua hui pū nā pūʻulu ʻepekema ʻelua e aʻo inā he miRNA, he mea koʻikoʻi i nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻano ola, pāʻani pū kekahi i nā pane wela o nā mea kanu.
No kēia hoʻokolohua, nānā wale nā kānaka ʻepekema i ka piʻi mālie o ka mahana, mai 21 a 27 degere Celsius. No ka hōʻike ʻana, ʻo ka awelika o ka lumi lumi ma kahi o 20 C. “ʻAʻole mākou i nānā i nā pane pilikia. Ua makemake mākou e aʻo i ka ʻike wela me ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻole i kahi pae e make ai nā mea kanu, "wahi a Meng Chen.
Ua lawe nā mea noiʻi iā Arabidopsis, kahi mea kanu pua liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka sinapi a me ke kāpeti, a ua aʻo i nā ʻano mutant me nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka miRNA. Me ka ʻole o ka miRNA, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mutant Arabidopsis ke pane i ka loli o ka mahana ma o ka ulu ʻana e like me ka mea e pono ai.
A laila hana lākou i kahi hoʻokolohua genetics. "Nīnau mākou inā hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā hoʻololi hou i ka mutant Arabidopsis hemahema i ka hana ʻana i nā miRNA a hoʻihoʻi i ko lākou hiki ke ʻike i ka mahana," wahi a Xuemei Chen. Ua hana ka lua o ka hoʻokolohua, "pololei," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo ia, a ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kahi gene kuleana no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā pae miRNA a me ka hiki ke ʻike wela o ka mea kanu.
A laila, ua pilikia ka hui i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka miRNA pololei e pili ana i ka pane wela. Hana ʻo Arabidopsis i 140 miRNA mole. Ua manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema e piʻi aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o nā molekala kuleana e like me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, akā ʻaʻole pēlā.
Me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka miRNA a pani i nā molekole RNA i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ua nānā ka hui i nā pae mole RNA target i ʻokoʻa i loko o ka mea kanu Arabidopsis mua a me ka mea kanu mutant ʻelua a lākou i hana ai.
"I ka nānā ʻana i kēia ua ʻike mākou ua hoʻololi ʻia nā pahuhopu o 14 miRNA, a ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā pahuhopu, ua ʻike pū mākou i ka miRNA," wahi a Xuemei Chen.
I ka ʻike ʻana i nā molekole miRNA kūpono, ua hui hope ka hui i kahi kiʻi piha o ka pane wela. Loaʻa i ʻelua ʻāpana koʻikoʻi: nā molekala e ʻike i ka mahana, a me auxin, he hormone e hiki ai ke pane i nā mea i ʻike ʻia e ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu.
"Ma waena o ka sensor a me ka mea pane ʻo miRNA. Me ka ʻole, hiki i nā mea kanu ke ʻike i ka wela akā ʻaʻole hiki ke pane aku iā ia ma ka ulu ʻana. He kiaʻi puka hiki iā ia ke pani-a ʻae paha i nā mea kanu e hoʻoponopono i nā loli wela o ke kaiapuni, "wahi a Meng Chen.
I ka wā o kā lākou hoʻokolohua, ʻike ka hui e koi pū ʻia ka miRNA no ka pane ʻana o nā mea kanu i ka malu o nā mea kanu kokoke.
"ʻO kā mākou ʻike i hoʻopili i nā kiko ma waena o ʻekolu mau mea i loaʻa i nā mea kanu āpau i mea nui pane mea kanu i ko lākou kaiapuni, "wahi a Meng Chen. "E pili ana kēia i nā sensor e nānā ana i ka mahana a me nā loli māmā, nā hormones e hoʻoulu i ka ulu ʻana o ka mea kanu, a me ka miRNA e hoʻokele i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu."
Manaʻo ka poʻe noiʻi e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kā lākou ʻike e hoʻonui i nā hua i ka wā e loli ai ke aniau.
"ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻohana mākou i kēia e hoʻopunipuni i nā pane o nā mea kanu i ka kūloko wela a me nā kūlana māmā a hoʻomalu i ko lākou ulu ʻana i nā kaiapuni like ʻole, "wahi a Meng Chen.