Ma muli o ke kau mahana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, pilikia pinepine ka poʻe mahiʻai mahiʻai e nā pest wireworms. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā holoholona i hōʻino ʻia.
ʻO ia ka mea a ke kākāʻōlelo ʻo Christoffel den Herder o Ceres Horti Advice i ʻōlelo i ka pule i hala ma kahi hālāwai pūnaewele ma ka Organic Knowledge Week. 'He hopena maikaʻi ka hoʻoilo mehana a pulu i ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka,' wahi āna. 'A laila, hoʻopilikia ʻia nā holoholona a me nā hua manu i nā haʻiki.'
I loko o ka webinar, ua ʻōlelo nui ʻia nā leatherettes, wireworms, root centipedes a me springtails he mau pests pilikia. No ka laʻana, ua nui ka pōʻino o ke kāloti centipede i ka mahi ʻana i ke kau i hala.
holoholona wikiwiki
He mea wikiwiki ka carrot centipede a no laila paʻakikī ke hoʻoponopono. Noho ka insect ma luna o ka mea olaola a me ka mauʻu-clover i kahi kaiapuni kahi e hiki ai i ka pepeke ke hoʻokumu pono iā ia iho. ʻO nā ʻonika a me nā kāloti ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi e like me nā hua ma hope.
"ʻO ka hua mua a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kūʻokoʻa o ka neʻe ʻana e pale i ka ʻino" CHRISTOFFEL DEN HERDER, KOKUA MA CERES HORTI AʻO
Ua hōʻike ʻo Den Herder ua hana ʻino nā leatherettes i nā aniani i nā makahiki i hala. 'I ka loa'a 'ole o nā mea'ai 'ē a'e, 'ai nō lākou i nā meakanu'ōpiopio.'
Mauʻu ʻoʻoleʻa
He manaʻo ko ka mea aʻoaʻo ʻo ia ka ulu ʻana o ka mauʻu-clover perennial i nā larvae o ka lele crane. No laila, paipai ʻo ia i ka weeding ma hope o kēlā me kēia ʻoki. E kōkua ana kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā nahele a me nā waiho hua.
'Oiai pa'akikī kēlā, no ka mea, pono e 'ae 'ia ka mau'u e ulu. ʻO ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he hopena nō hoʻi, ʻo ia ka hana ikaika ʻana i ka lepo me ka mea mahi makau ma mua o ka palau ʻana. A laila, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka luku ikaika ʻana o nā larvae ma ka papa luna. He kōkua nō hoʻi e hoʻomaloʻo i ka papa. A laila, hele hohonu nā emelts i ka lepo.'
ʻO ke ola lōʻihi
Wahi a Den Herder, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia nā hana ʻuʻuku i ka wireworms. 'O ka pō'ai ola lō'ihi he pa'akikī no nā kaula uwea. Hiki i nā mea kanu ke pilikia i kēia no nā makahiki ma ka papahana kūkulu.'
Hiki ke poino i ka pau ana o ka mahiai. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ai ke kākāʻōlelo e hāpai koke i ka ʻuala ma hope o ka pepehi ʻana iā lākou a me ka nānā pono ʻana i ka maloʻo o ka lepo. Ke pelu ia ka lau, maloʻo nā kualono a hoʻomaka ka ʻiʻo uea e ʻai.
Ke ʻimi nei i ka wai
Ke ʻimi mau nei nā nila uea i ka makū. ʻAʻole lākou he pilikia nui i ka ʻuala. He pāʻani nō hoʻi i ka ʻukena, ke kulina a me nā ʻolika. Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻo Den Herder i ka pilikia o ka springtail a me ka carrot centipede. Ma muli o nā alahele a me nā lua i loko o nā lepo kaumaha, he pilikia nui kēia ma laila. 'O ke kū'oko'a o ka ne'e 'ana, 'oi aku ka nui o ka pilikia. Na lākou ka mea i poino nui loa i ka wā germination.'
Hōʻike ke kākā'ōlelo i kekahi mau mea nui. 'E hōʻoia e ulu koke ʻoe. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka lūlū ʻana i ka wā mua a me ka pāpaʻu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma kahi mahana haʻahaʻa o ka lepo. A laila, emi lākou i ka hana. ʻO ka hua mua a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kūʻokoʻa o ka neʻe ʻana ke pale aku i ka ʻino. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana iā lākou iho.'
He pule ʻike bio ma ka pūnaewele
ka Hepepa Bioknowledge hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki e Bionext. ʻO kēia manawa, e like me ka makahiki i hala, ua hana ʻia ka hanana ma ka pūnaewele mai Ianuali 10-13. Kākoʻo ʻia ka hui hoihoi e nā hui ʻekolu: Biohuis (nā mahiʻai a me nā mea horticulturists), ʻo BioNederland (nā mea hana a me nā kālepa) a me ka Biowinkelvereniging (nā hale kūʻai organik). Manaʻo lākou e hoʻonui i ka mana o ke kaulahao. He nui ka ʻike o Bionext i loko o ka hale ma ke kula o ka mahiʻai organik a me ka meaʻai ma Netherlands. I loko o ka Organic Knowledge Week, ua piʻi ka nui o nā ʻoihana ʻenehana, nā hui a me nā loea i ka pae kikohoʻe. Me ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 110 webinars, ua paʻakikī i kekahi manawa ke koho ma waena o nā ʻano hana like ʻole, nā haʻiʻōlelo a me nā hōʻike.
Ua pilikia nā mea kanu ʻuala i ka hānai ʻana i ka wireworm i ka makahiki i hala a ma hope mai ka pōʻino mai nā snails. Ke piʻi nei ka pilikia o ke kaula uea. He mea nui ka hana ʻana i ka ʻūhā i ka manawa kūpono. ʻO ka pōʻino i hana ʻia e nā snails hiki ke nui.
- He aha nā kaula uwea? ʻO Wireworms a i ʻole copperworms nā larvae o ka pipi kaomi. Hoʻomoe ka uea uea i kāna mau hua i loko o ka palaoa a me ka mauʻu i nā mahina o Mei, Iune a me Iulai. Hiki ke noho i loko o ka lepo a hiki i ʻelima mau makahiki a no laila paʻakikī ke mālama. Pupa ka larvae ma kahi o ʻAukake. I ka pūnāwai e ʻeleu a piʻi mai nā wireworms.
- He aha ka pōʻino? He pilikia nui ka ʻuala i ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻuala. Hoʻopilikia lākou i nā aʻa a hana i nā lua o nā ʻuala. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o ka maikaʻi ke kumu i ka pōʻino kālā. Hiki ke hoʻonui i kēlā pōʻino i ka lilo ʻana o nā huahana pale kemika.
- Pehea e pale ai i ka poino? Hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka pōʻino o ka nila uea ma ka pale ʻana i ka pipi kaomi mai ka waiho ʻana i nā hua. ʻO ke ana ka ʻike. Pono kēia no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi ʻōpala i ka manawa kūpono. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kāne a helu ʻia me kahi pheromone. Ma kēia ʻano hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka manawa kūpono o ka pipi ʻana. Pono e hana ʻia ka pipi ʻana i nā wireworms i ka wā pōʻeleʻele a i ke ahiahi paha.
- He aha nā kumuwaiwai e hiki ai i nā mea kanu ke hoʻohana? ʻO Nemathorin kahi mea mālama mea kanu e hoʻoponopono i nā wireworms a me nā nematodes like ʻole. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Nemathorin ma nā māla piha (20 kilo no ka ʻeka) a ma ka lālani pū kekahi (7.5 kilo no ka ʻeka). E noi iā Nemathorin wale nō i ka ʻuala me ka helu precocity o 8 a ʻoi aku paha. ʻO nā huahana ʻē aʻe ʻo Force (16 kilos i ka lālani) a me Tercol (25 a 30 kilo i ka lālani a ukali ʻia e ʻelua a ʻekolu paha 10 lita ma luna o ka huaʻai). ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o 350 kilos o ka lime nitrogen e hōʻike ana i kahi hopena ʻokoʻa.
- A he aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā ʻōpala? Nui nā ʻano snails e hōʻino i ka ʻuala ware, ʻaʻole ma ke kula wale nō, akā i loko o ke keʻena mālama. No laila hiki ke nui ka poino. Hoʻoikaika pinepine nā snails ma waena o 0 a me 25 degere Celsius a he nui nā manawa e ola ai. ʻO ka manawa kūpono e hoʻopuehu ai i nā slug pellets ʻo ia ka wā e hoʻomāhuahua ai nā ʻōpala.