Hāʻawi ka Chemigation i nā mea kanu drip-irrigated i ka lawe ʻana o nā insecticides ʻōnaehana ma o ka wai hoʻoulu wai i ke kumu kumu.
A hana ia pēlā i nā kikoʻī kikoʻī e pono ai no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano makepono. Hoʻoemi ia i ka hana a nā limahana i nā pesticides ma o ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā noi insecticide e kanu i nā lau. Ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea kanu Komohana i ka wai wai drip e hoʻonui pono ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai, e hoʻololi ana i ka ʻōnaehana no ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā insecticides. Hāʻawi ia i nā mea ulu i kahi mea hoʻokele insect environmentally sound insect.
Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻonui ai i ka chemigation
Aia i ka kemika kūleʻa o nā insecticides ʻōnaehana ka hilinaʻi maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana o ka waihona i nā aʻa ulu ulu. Ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā insecticides ʻōnaehana ma o kahi ʻōnaehana wai hoʻoheheʻe, e noʻonoʻo i kekahi mau mea agronomic a me nā mea kemika i hiki ke hoʻohuli i ka hopena.
1. Nā ʻano aʻa
E loli ka lōʻihi o ka chemigation me ka nui o nā mea kanu a me nā aʻa. Loaʻa i nā mea kanu a me nā lūlū kahi aʻa aʻa liʻiliʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea kanu nunui, ʻoi aku ka oʻo, a no laila ke koi pinepine nei i nā manawa chemigation pōkole. I nā kūlana ʻelua, e lawe wale nā aʻa i nā insecticides ke loaʻa nā mea kanu i ka momona o ka lepo no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu. Pēlā nō, hiki i nā aʻa ke hoʻopili i ka chemigation. ʻO nā mea kanu Brassica e like me ka broccoli a me ke kāpeti (ʻuala) e loaʻa i kahi ʻōpala, nā aʻa aʻa fibrous a loaʻa nā koina wai e pono ai ma mua o ka cantaloupe hohonu, aʻa.
2. Nā waiwai lepo
Holo ka wai hoʻoheheʻe i nā helu kahe o ke kahe o nā kahakai, nā one one i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka lepo maikaʻi. No laila, hoʻohuli ka ʻili lepo i ka pinepine o ka irrigation a me ka lōʻihi a hiki ke hoʻoholo pehea e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā insecticides i nā ʻōnaehana drip. Hiki i ka nui o nā meaola i ka lepo ke hoʻohuli i ka neʻe ʻana o nā insecticides i ka wā o ka dripping chemigation. ʻO kahi laʻana, mālama ka imidacloprid i nā mea lepo me nā meaola kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻemi ana i ka nui o nā insecticide i loaʻa no ka lawe ʻana o ke aʻa. ʻAʻohe mea e kahaha ai ka maikaʻi o ka imidacloprid e kūʻē i kekahi mau mea kolo i nā meaola kiʻekiʻe, muck.
3. Nā waiwai insecticide
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi e hiki i ka neʻe ʻana o ka insecticide ke hoʻoholo i ka manawa kūpono no ka chemigation drip. Hoʻohuli nui ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ka insecticide i loko o ka lepo e ka solubility o ka wai a me ka coefficient partition.
ʻO kahi laʻana, loaʻa ka imidacloprid a me ka chlorantraniliprole i ka solubility wai haʻahaʻa a me nā coefficients paku haʻahaʻa a ʻaʻole neʻe nui i ka lepo. No laila, ke chemigating i loko o nā ʻōnaehana drip, pono ʻoe e hoʻopili i kēia mau insecticides i ka wanaʻao o ka holo wai i ukali ʻia e ka lōʻihi o ka ʻauwai e pahu i ka hui a hiki i ka aʻa aʻa.
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, loaʻa i ka dinotefuran kahi solubility kiʻekiʻe loa o ka wai a he maʻalahi loa i ka lepo. Hoʻokomo iā ia kokoke i ka hopena o ka pōʻai wai e pale ai i ka lī ʻia ʻana mai nā aʻa. He mea nui e hōʻoia i ka nui kūpono o ka wai i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka wai ma o ka ʻōnaehana drip i ka wā a ma hope o ka chemigation. ʻAʻole lawa a nui ʻole paha ka nui o ka wai i hiki ke hoʻopanee i ka lawe ʻana o ke aʻa a me ka kaohi kolo.
4. Drip tape kau
Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka chemigation, e noʻonoʻo i ka wahi o ka drip tape e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ke aʻa. I nā ʻōnaehana drip subsurface maʻamau i ka hana melon, hiki i ka hohonu o ka lepe ma lalo o ka lepo ke hoʻohuli i ka manawa noi. ʻO kahi laʻana, chemigation o imidacloprid i nā melona wao nahele i lalo o ka lepe dripface i kanu ʻia he 6 a 8 mau ʻīniha ma lalo o ka moena ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o nā lūlū ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā aʻa ma kahi o ka lipine. I nā lau lau he nui kahi i kau ʻia ai ka lipine drip ma ka ʻili o ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wā chemigations.
Hoʻomaopopo: Ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia nā ʻāpana o kēia ʻatikala mai kahi puke pai i kākau ʻia e Gerald Ghidiu, Thomas Kukar, John Palumbo, a me David Schuster i kapa ʻia ʻo "Drip Chemigation o Insecticides ma ke ʻano he Pest Management Tool i ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu”I loaʻa ma ka puke pai o ka Management Pest Integrated Pest.