He poʻe ola ʻo Spuds, kākau ʻo Scott Elliot, Public Affairs Specialist ma ka USDA's ARS Office of Communications. i kēia moʻolelo nūhou. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua hakakā nā tubers i nā ʻino like ʻole ma kahi o 10,000 mau makahiki, a me kahi ʻano kuhi ʻole ʻole e hiki ai ke hōʻino i ka hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Akā i kēia manawa, ua hana kahi hui ʻepekema honua i kahi ʻano ʻuala hou e kūʻē i ka hau, e ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hua. He mea maikaʻi kēlā, no ka mea, ua ulu ka ʻuala i ke kolu o ka meaʻai i pau loa ma ka honua, ma hope o ka laiki a me ka palaoa wale nō.
ʻO nā mea noiʻi ARS a me kā lākou mau hoa hana mai Peru a me ke Keʻena ʻo Wisconsin-Madison o kā Keʻena ʻo ka Mahiai he mau makahiki i loiloi i nā ʻano ʻuala mai US Potato Genebank (USPG) no ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i ka hau, koho hope loa Solanum acaule a Solanum commersonii, nā ʻuala ʻāhiu ʻelua no ʻAmelika Hema, no ka mea ua hōʻike lākou i ka hiki ke ʻae i ka hau. Hoʻohui ka hui i kēia mau ʻano ʻelua a loiloi i nā hybrids, koho ʻana i kekahi mau mākua i kū ʻole i ka hau paʻi a hoʻomohala i ka hoʻomanawanui i nā hau anuanu.
Wahi a ʻO John Bamberg, alakaʻi papahana USPG a me geneticist ma ka ARS Noiʻi i nā mea kanu ʻāpana ma Madison, WI, ma mua o ke koho ʻana, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia nā cultivars e hoʻoholo i ko lākou ʻae ʻana i ke anu. Ua hoʻohana ka hui i ka hui pū ʻana o ka hau maoli, kahi pahu hau hoʻololi ʻia i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hoʻohālike i ka hau maoli i ka pō, a me kahi hoʻokolohua kikoʻī e ana pono i ka nui o ka pōʻino o nā membrane cell.
"E like me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻuala, ua hala nā makahiki o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ke koho ʻana i waena o nā tausani o nā hua e koho i kahi kūpono e lilo i mea kanu hou," wahi a Bamberg. Ua kapa aku lakou i kela mea kanu "Wiñay. "
Ua hoʻāʻo nā hoa noiʻi Peruvian iā Wiñay ma ko lākou ʻāina. Ua ulu lākou i kaʻuala ma nā wahi he nui i nā kau he nui a loiloi i nā mea ulu a me nā mea kūʻai aku. Ua hōʻike ʻo Wiñay i nā hua maikaʻi, ka paʻakikī o ka hau, a me ka ʻae ʻana o ka mea mahiʻai a me nā mea kūʻai aku.
E loaʻa anei kahi manawa no ka spud hou e aʻa i ka United States?
Ua ʻike ʻo Bamberg e hiki ke hōʻino i ka hau ma nā wahi like ʻole, a i nā manawa like ʻole, ma waena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. I ka makahiki 2019, ua nalowale ka poʻe mahiʻai ʻuala ma Idaho hikina ma kahi o 30% o kā lākou mea kanu i ka pōʻino mai ka hau hau ʻole. "Hiki i ke anuanu ke hoʻopōʻino i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻuala ponoʻī - ʻaʻole e pepehi wale i nā lau - e hoʻohua ai ka ʻuala i nā ʻuala maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole e ulu maikaʻi ʻole e like me ka hua no ka hua e hiki mai ana."
Hōʻike kēia noiʻi i nā pōmaikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka germplasm lōʻihi, ka launa pū ʻana o ka honua, a me ka kaʻana like, wahi a Bamberg. "ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa i Peru i ka wā pōkole, akā ʻo ka mea i aʻo ʻia e hoʻohana ākea. ʻO ka hana ma ka US Potato Genebank ke hoʻihoʻi nei i nā pōmaikaʻi ʻaʻole wale i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, akā i nā ʻāina ʻo ia nā home ʻōiwi o kēia mau lāʻau ʻāhiu. ”
ʻO nā hoa noiʻi ARS ʻo Jiwan Palta lāua ʻo Alfonso del Rio mai ke Keʻena mahiʻai ʻo ke Kulanui o Wisconsin-Madison; ʻO William Roca, Alberto Salas, a me Rene Gomez maiPeru's International Potato Center; a me Iesu Arcos mai ka Instituto Nacional de Innovacion Agraria ma Puno.