ʻO ka mahiʻai ʻuala o ka hanauna ʻekolu o Brendon Rockey ma Center, Colorado, hiki ke paʻa i ka hoʻoilina ʻohana, akā mamao loa ka hana mai ka moʻomeheu.
Ulu pū ka ʻuala me nā mea kanu hoa e like me ka buckwheat a me ka moa. ʻO nā ʻōpala pua e hele i nā mahina ʻai, e noho ana no nā iniseti maikaʻi. Ke ulu nei nā mea kanu uhi lōʻihi ma ka hapalua o ka mahiʻai, e hāʻawi ana i ka hānai ʻana i nā pipi a me nā hipa a me kahi meaʻai nui no nā meaola lepo. ʻO ka mosaic o ka mahiʻai o nā mea kanu, nā holoholona, a me ke ola pepeke e kūkulu i ke olakino lepo ʻoiai e hōʻemi ana i nā kumukūʻai a mālama i kahi ola no Rockey a me kona kaikaina ʻo Sheldon.
“Ua emi ke kumu kūʻai no ka ulu ʻana i ka mea kanu ma mua o nā makahiki i hala; Ua mālama mākou i nā hua, a ʻo ka maikaʻi o kā mākou ʻuala ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa a mākou i ʻike ai," wahi a Rockey.
HANA I HANA I NA KANAKA I hala aku nei
ʻO ka synergy e hoʻokumu ana i ka maikaʻi o ka mahiʻai ma muli o kahi kaʻina o ka ʻike e hoʻomaka ana i 30 mau makahiki aku nei, me ka ʻanakala o Rockey.
Ua kūkulu ʻo Rockey i nā mea i ʻike ʻia e kona ʻanakala, e hana ana i kāna mea i kapa ʻia he ʻōnaehana mahiʻai "biotic" e paʻa ana i nā pono kūpono no kēlā me kēia mahiʻai. "ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke noʻonoʻo i kahi huaʻai hoʻokahi ʻaʻole e pōmaikaʻi mai nā kumu kumu a mākou i kau ai i ka hana i kā mākou hana," wahi āna. ʻO nā hoʻololi mua loa o ka mahiʻai i puka mai kahi ʻōnaehana hana "maikaʻi ʻole", wahi a Rockey.
"Ke ulu nei mākou i ka ʻuala monoculture a me ka bale i ka hoʻololi ʻana," wahi āna. "Ua hoʻohana mākou i ka nui o ka mahiʻai, nā mea kanu synthetic, fungicide, a me nā insecticide. He haʻahaʻa ko ka lepo a me ke ʻano o ka lepo maikaʻi ʻole, ʻo ia ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā puʻupuʻu pipi hohonu, a me nā pilikia maʻi, nā ʻōpala i ka wā ʻohi, a me nā ʻuala maikaʻi ʻole, "wahi āna. “ʻAʻole mākou i mālama pono i ka lepo. Akā, kali mākou i nā hōʻailona e hōʻike, a laila mālama mākou i nā hōʻailona ma mua o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kumu.
ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o ka hana ʻana me ka piʻi ʻole o ka hoʻohua ʻana. "He kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi ʻole kēlā," wahi a Rockey. “He manaʻo ʻokoʻa koʻu i kēia manawa. Ke ho'āʻo nei au e hoʻopau i nā mea hoʻokomo pono ʻole. Akā, hoʻokomo au i ka lepo.
TRANEA
ʻO ka manaʻo paʻa ʻole i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka lepo i lawe i ka Rockeys ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i kekahi manawa mai ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā mea kanu synthetic, fungicides, a me nā insecticides. I ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me nā ʻai holoholona e hoʻololi i kēia hilinaʻi, ua piʻi ke olakino lepo. 'Ua ho'emi nui 'ia ka 'ino o ka lepo mai ka makani, 'oiai ke 'ano o ka mahi'ai i ka wao nahele, wahi a Rockey.
"ʻIke mākou i ka piʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana lepo, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka infiltration wai," wahi āna. “ʻO ka hōʻike hōʻike ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka lepo ʻo ka nele o nā ʻōpala i waiho ʻia e ka sprinkler. Haʻalele nā mea hoʻopā irrigation e pili ana i nā ʻōpala ma ke kula he 12 a 18 ʻīniha ka hohonu ma ka hopena o ke kauwela. Ma ko mākou mau kula, holo nā huila ma luna o ka ʻili.
"Hōʻike nā hoʻāʻo ʻāina ua hoʻonui mākou i ke kalapona i loko o ka lepo, a ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā heluna kanaka a ʻoi aku ka ʻokoʻa i nā microbes lepo," wahi āna. "Akā ʻo nā hōʻailona maikaʻi loa - iaʻu - o ke olakino lepo ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i nā hua i ka wā e hoʻemi ai i ke kālā a ʻoiai e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hua. No ka mea, ke ulu nei mākou i nā ʻuala kūikawā, no ka hua, he mea nui ka maikaʻi iā mākou.
ʻO nā kaʻina hana paʻa ponoʻī e kākoʻo ana i ka ʻōnaehana hana o ka mahiʻai e wili mai ka ʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu, kahi loina holoʻokoʻa e pono ai i kēlā me kēia mahiʻai e ulu ana i nā mea kanu. ʻO ka hoʻohui mua o nā mea kanu uhi, no ka laʻana, he mea hoʻololi pāʻani no ka Rockeys.
"Ua lawe mākou i ka lele nui loa i ka wā i lawe mai ai mākou i nā mea kanu like ʻole i loko o ka ʻōnaehana," wahi āna. "ʻO ka hua kālā mua ma hope o kēlā, ua loli nā mea a pau. Ua piʻi aʻe ka heluna kanaka o nā enuhe honua, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke ʻano o ka lepo.
Ua hoʻohui koke lākou i nā mea kanu like ʻole i ka ʻōnaehana. "No ka laʻana, hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano i kā mākou māla ʻuala he mea kanu kālā," wahi a Rockey. “ʻO nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe e ulu ana ma ia māla i manaʻo ʻia e kākoʻo i kēlā mea kanu nui. Kākoʻo nā mea kanu hoa e like me ka pī mahina, ka moa, ka moa moa, a me ka piʻi faba i ka pōʻaiapuni kalapona, hoʻoponopono i ka naikokene, a hāʻawi i kahi noho a me kahi kumu meaʻai no nā iniseti pono. Kākoʻo ʻo Buckwheat i nā iniseti maikaʻi, akā hoʻoneʻe pū kekahi i ka phosphorous i ka lepo. Ke kanu nei mākou i nā ʻōpala pua a puni a ma nā mahina ʻai e kākoʻo hou i nā iniseti maikaʻi.
"Ma muli o ko mākou ulu ʻana i nā hua ʻuala i hōʻoia ʻia, he mea hoʻoweliweli nui ka aphids iā mākou," i hoʻohui ai ʻo ia. "ʻO lākou nā virus vector pono mākou e hoʻokele i mea e mālama ai i ka palapala hōʻoia. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu i nā kula e hiki ai iā mākou ke mālama i nā aphids me ka ʻole o nā insecticides. ʻO ka hōʻalo ʻana i nā insecticides kumu kūʻai e hōʻemi i kā mākou kumukūʻai o ka hana ʻana ma kahi o $200 no ka ʻeka.
Mālama ʻo Rockeys i ʻelua makahiki ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā mea kanu ma nā mahina ʻehā e wehe ana i nā ʻeka irrigated 500 o ka mahiʻai. ʻO ka ʻuala no ka mākeke hou a me ka mākeke hua i hōʻoia ʻia ʻo ia ka mea kanu kālā mua, ulu mau me nā mea kanu hoa. Hoʻololi ka hua o ka makahiki ʻelua ma waena o ka quinoa ma ke ʻano he hua kālā i ulu ʻia me nā mea kanu hoa, a me nā mea kanu uhi lōʻihi i loko o ka hui ʻana o nā lau lau ākea a me nā ʻano mauʻu. Hoʻopili nā ʻōpala pua i nā māla ʻuala.
Ma kahi māla he 120 ʻeka, hiki iā Rockey ke hoʻolilo i ka like o nā lālani ʻuala ʻewalu i nā ʻāpana pua. ʻO kēia mau mea, me nā mea kanu pua i loko o nā lālani ʻuala, he wahi noho no nā pepeke pono e pale aku ai i ka maʻi i loko o ka ʻuala. No ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana i ka hana olaola i loko o ka lepo a me ke kōkua ʻana i ka mineralization o nā meaʻai lepo, hoʻokomo nā Rockeys i ka ʻai holoholona i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hana.
ʻAi ʻia nā pipi a me nā hipa e kahi mea hana holoholona kokoke i nā māla ʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu uhi i ka hopena o ke kauwela a me ka hāʻule mua. Hoʻopiʻi ka Rockeys i nā ʻano holoholona i mea e hānai ʻia ai kahi māla uhi uhi e ʻai ʻia e nā bipi e nā hipa i ka manawa aʻe e hoʻomaka ai e ulu i nā mea kanu uhi. "Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻokoʻa i ka hānai holoholona e hāpai i ka ʻokoʻa i nā meaola lepo," wahi a Rockey. "ʻIke mākou i ka hoʻihoʻi nui ʻana i ke olakino lepo mai ka ʻai ʻana i nā holoholona ma kā mākou kula. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā mākou ka uku hoʻolimalima mai ka mea hana holoholona. "
ʻOiai nā legumes i loko o nā mea kanu hoa a uhi i nā mea kanu - me nā holoholona - hāʻawi i ka momona, hoʻohana pū ʻo Rockey i nā hoʻololi ʻāina no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa pono ʻana i nā mea kanu kālā. "Hoʻolaha wau i ka compost i ka hāʻule," wahi āna. “I hui pū ʻia me ka compost kahi hua iʻa maloʻo a me ka ʻai soya. I ka wā ulu, hoʻohana au ma o ka sprinkler wai iʻa, kelp, ʻai soya, a me ke kī wai wai.” Hele mai ka compost mai nā wahi hānai o Colorado.
KA LAKO WAI
ʻO nā hana hana a nā Rockeys a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke olakino lepo ua hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai a kōkua iā lākou e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka wai irrigation a lākou e huki ai mai ko lākou aquifer kūloko. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no ka mea ʻo ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka recharge a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi no ka wai e nā kumu he nui, me nā kaona, hiki ke paʻakikī i ka mālama ʻana i nā pae wai i ka aquifer, wahi a Rockey. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wai a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ke kūpaʻa i loko o kā lākou ʻōnaehana huaʻai e kōkua iā lākou e hoʻonoho i kā lākou hana mahiʻai no ka hiki ke hoʻemi i ka loaʻa wai i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
"No mākou, ʻoi aku ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ma mua o ka manaʻo maikaʻi e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i kahi kumuwaiwai," wahi āna. "Aia ko makou ola." ʻO nā hanohano e ʻike ana i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoulu ʻana o ka mahiʻai ʻo ia ka National Association of Conservation Districts i kapa ʻia ʻo Rockey ma ke ʻano he Soil Health Champion. Hele ʻo ia i ka ʻāina e kamaʻilio me nā mahiʻai a me nā kahu hānai e pili ana i nā hana mahiʻai āna i hoʻomohala ai. "He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻokoʻa o nā mea kanu i ka mahiʻai ʻana e like me kā mākou hana," wahi āna. "He kumu kumu ia e hiki ai ke hoʻopōmaikaʻi i nā mahiʻai a i ʻole nā māla hānai."
E heluhelu hou e pili ana Ola Ola