He moʻolelo koʻikoʻi ko Lansing, Mich., me hoʻokahi papahana hua mauʻu ma mua o 140 mau makahiki. A no nā makahiki he 30 i hala iho nei, Kauka Frank Telewski he ʻāpana o ka mōʻaukala ma Michigan State University.
"Ua ulu wau i kēia makemake no nā mea kanu," wahi a Telewski. ʻO kona hoihoi i ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu i lilo i mea nānā i kona ulu ʻana, no ka mea, ua hoʻoikaika nui ʻia kēlā manaʻo i kona hele ʻana i ka mōʻaukala i ka makahiki 1980 i ka manawa i noi ʻia ai ʻo Telewski e lilo i ʻāpana o kahi papahana ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki. "Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Polofesa Beal i ka hoʻokolohua ma 1879," wahi a Telewski.
No 142 makahiki, a ka hui hua weed huna ma Michigan Sate ua wehe ʻia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua ʻepekema kahiko loa o ka honua.
"ʻO ka nīnau, 'pehea ka lōʻihi e hiki ai i nā ʻanoʻano ke ola i ka lepo, a me nā hua palaoa' no ka mea i ka makahiki 1879, ka hapa hope o ke kenekulia 19, ʻaʻohe o mākou herbicides, ʻaʻohe o mākou tractor ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. a me ka palau no ka mahiai a me ka mahiai ana,” wahi a Telewski. Ua loaʻa iā Professor Beal, ka inoa o ka moʻomeheu, hoʻokahi nīnau e pili ana i ka mauʻu. "ʻO Polofesa Beal, no kona pili nui ʻana i ka mahiʻai ma ʻaneʻi ma ka mokuʻāina a ma ka ʻāina, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e pane i kēia nīnau e ʻike i ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o ka mauʻu mauʻu," wahi a Telewski.
Me kēlā nīnau, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo Beal i 21 mau ʻano like ʻole o ka mauʻu makahiki a ʻelua makahiki, a hōʻiliʻili i nā hua. “A ʻo kāna mea e hana ai, ʻo ia ka helu ʻana i nā hua he 50 o kēlā me kēia ʻano a hui pū me kahi hui one a hoʻopiha i nā ʻōmole 20 me ka hui like ʻana o ke one a me ka helu like o nā hua. A ʻo kāna hoʻolālā ʻo ia e ʻeli a loaʻa i kahi hue i kēlā me kēia ʻelima mau makahiki, "wahi a Telewski. Ua kanu ʻia kēlā mau ʻōmole ma kahi wahi huna i ka hāʻule o 1879.
"A laila, wehe ʻo ia i ka ʻōmole, nānā ʻo ia i nā mea i loko, hohola ʻia, waiho i loko o ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hoʻopaʻa i ka mea i ulu," wahi a Telewski. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaha ʻana o Beal i ka makahiki 1910, ua ola ka hoʻokolohua. A ma kahi o kēlā me kēia makahiki, i kēia lā, wehe wale ʻia nā hue i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 20 makahiki. "He mau capsule manawa liʻiliʻi lākou o ka biology ma mua o 100 mau makahiki. A iaʻu ka mea kupanaha, "wahi a Telewski. He liʻiliʻi wale nō ka poʻe i ʻike i kahi o ka wahi hua huna ma ka pā kula. I ka makahiki i hala iho nei, ua paʻi ʻia kahi hui ʻelima e hoʻomau i ka moʻomeheu a ʻeli i kahi hue i ʻApelila 2021.
"Hili mākou i ke kakahiaka nui, a aia kekahi mau kumu no ia mea. ʻAʻole mākou makemake e huki nui i kahi e kanu ʻia ai nā hua. ʻAʻole mākou makemake e ʻike ka poʻe ʻimi ʻimi i kahi o nā ʻōmole, no laila makemake mākou e hoʻāʻo e mālama i kēlā. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka lā ke lilo i mea hoʻomaka no ka germination, "wahi a Telewski. Ua ʻeli maikaʻi ʻia, e like me kā Beal i hana ai i 142 mau makahiki i hala, ua lawe ka hui i nā hua i nā keʻena ulu a hoʻolaha iā lākou. "A laila e kali ʻoe, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau, ʻehiku a 10 mau lā ka lōʻihi o ka manawa maʻamau e ulu ai ka hua," wahi āna.
Ma hope o ʻehiku a 10 mau lā, ua hoʻomaka ka moʻolelo e ulu ma Michigan State i ka pūnāwai i hala.
"He mea hauʻoli a hauʻoli hoʻi ka paʻa ʻana i kahi mea kanu, e ʻike maoli i kēia," wahi a Telewski. "I ka puka ʻana mai o ka cotyledon mua mai loko mai o ka lepo a ulu aʻe, a ʻike ʻoe ʻo ka mea hope loa i hoʻopā i kēia mea kanu i ka wā he ʻanoʻano ʻo ia ʻo Polofesa Beal 140-mau makahiki aku nei," wahi āna. Mai loko mai o nā ʻano mauhele he 21 i kanu mua ʻia, hoʻokahi wale nō mea ola i kēia lā—he ʻano Verbascum i kapa mau ʻia ʻo "Great Mullein."
“E kamaʻilio e pili ana i kahi mea ola. ʻO koʻu manaʻo, he meakanu kēia i ola i ka lepo no nā makahiki he 140. A loaʻa nō iā mākou ka helu germination kiʻekiʻe. E loaʻa iā ʻoe he 20 o nā hua kumu 50 i hoʻoulu ʻia, no laila he 40% ka nui o ka germination. I ka makahiki 2000, loaʻa iā mākou he 48% ka nui o ka ulu ʻana. He mea kupanaha ia. Ua hoʻomaha ʻo Telewski i kēia hāʻule ʻana mai Michigan State University, a manaʻo ʻo ia ʻaʻole e ola wale ka hoʻokolohua, akā ua hoʻonui ʻia e ka wehe ʻana i nā pane hou aʻe e hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia e kēia panakō hua mōʻaukala.
"Maopopo mākou i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kūlana. ʻOi aku kēia ma mua o kekahi o mākou. Kū maoli mākou ma nā poʻohiwi o nā pilikua. A he manawa hanohano maikaʻi kēia e komo ai i kēia hoʻokolohua, he mea mōʻaukala ia," wahi āna.