I ka makahiki 1946 ua lawe ʻo Yara i kāna huahana mua i loko o ka US — calcium nitrate i loko o ke awa ma Kaleponi — a ua ʻōlelo ka hui ʻaʻole i ulu wale kona kapuwai akā ua ulu i loko o 75 mau makahiki mai ka wā i hala.
"ʻO kēlā huahana mua o ʻO YaraLiva Ua hoʻolālā ʻia ka nitrate calcium no ka lawe ʻana o ka momona i ka pecan, walnuts, a me nā mea kanu paʻa ʻē aʻe. A laila neʻe mākou i nā mea kanu a me nā hua. ʻO kā mākou kia nui kēlā mau mea kanu i mua, akā hoʻomaka mākou e hoʻomohala i nā huahana no nā mākeke hou aʻe, "wahi a Gary Vogen, pelekikena hope o ka ʻoihana ʻo Yara North America.
Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Yara ma Oslo, Nolewai i ka makahiki 1905, a ke kūʻai aku nei ia i nā huahana ma 160 mau ʻāina.
Wahi a Vogen i ka wāwae o Yara ma ka US i kēia lā mai nā awa ma Baltimore a Texas a me Kaleponi. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka paepae wāwae o ka hui i ʻelua mau pūnaewele hana ma ʻAmelika Hema – kahi mea kanu amonia ma Freeport, Texas i wehe ʻia i ka makahiki 2018 me kahi hui pū me BASF a me ka wahi o ka nitrogen ma Belle Plaine, Saskatchewan, Kanada i loaʻa ma 2008.
"Kūleʻa mākou i ka US, a he mea hana honua mākou e hoʻopuka i kahi huahana kahi e paʻa ai mākou i ka mākeke," i ʻōlelo ʻo ia.
Aia nā voluma huahana nui loa o ka hui i ka nitrogen, akā loaʻa iā lākou nā huahana i ka phosphorus a me ka potassium.
A i ka makahiki 2019, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Yara i kekahi pā mahiʻai hoʻāʻo (Auburn, Ala., A me Modesto, Cali.) I hoʻonui ʻia i ka makahiki 2020 e hoʻokomo pū i kahi pūnaewele ma Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
"I loko o nā makahiki he ʻelima i hala aku nei, ua neʻe mākou i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hopena mahiʻai a ma loko o ia mau hanana uila a me nā hana hou," wahi a Vogen. "A i nā manawa he nui, ua hoʻokokoke mākou iā mākou i nā mea kūʻai aku ag, ʻo lākou ka mea e kōkua pinepine i nā mahiʻai i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea e pono ai."
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua kālele ʻia kā lākou ʻoihana i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hoʻolilo ʻike, a ua hoʻopukapuka ka hui e ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i nā kāmaʻa kākoʻo agronomic hou aʻe ma ka mahinaʻai.
"Ua kaulike nui ʻia mākou me ka lima hoʻoili kūʻai ma mua o 25 mau makahiki i hala. Ma ke ʻano he laʻana o kēlā, ʻo kekahi o kā mākou mea nui e kia nui i ka agronomically e hōʻike i kahi hopena meaʻai kaulike no ka mea ulu a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā huahana a mākou e kūʻai aku ʻole ai, ”i ʻōlelo ʻo ia.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia i kā lākou mau hana i koi ʻia i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka 4R kumu mālama. A manaʻo ka ʻoihana e hoʻomau i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hana kaiapuni e kākoʻo ʻia ana mai ka wā e hoʻomaka ana.
"Ua kiaʻi mau ʻo Yara i ka hana a mākou e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana no kā mākou mea kanu a ke nānā pū nei mākou i ka hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke ola no kā mākou honua. A ʻo ia kā mākou e pili nei, ”i ʻōlelo ʻo Vogen. "Hoʻokumu ʻo Yara i ka nitrogen amonia i ka hiki ke hana, a ua hana lākou ia mea ma o ka mana hydroelectric. I kēia lā, ke neʻe nei mākou i ka hana amonia ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a he hoʻi ia i kēlā mau manaʻo a me nā koho. "
E pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ʻaʻole ia i ʻike kikoʻi i ke ʻano o ke ʻano, akā ʻike ʻo ia i ke ala a mākou e hele ai.
"E lawe ana ʻo Innovation iā mākou i kahi ala o ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka meaʻai mea kanu. Hoʻopili pū kēlā me ka nānā ʻana i ka mea kanu ponoʻī, ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻopuka, ka hua, a me nā kūlana o ke kaiapuni. Hoʻopili pū ʻia me nā micronutrients, microapplications, a me ka hiki ke ʻike i ka ʻepekema e hoʻololi i ke ala a kā mākou mea kanu e pane ai. E hōʻaʻano kēia i ka hana hāʻawi nutrient maʻamau. "
Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻūpala kalo
ʻUlupā uala he pilikia nui i ka ʻoihana ʻuala a he kumu nui ia o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku a me kahi kahe waiwai o ka ʻoihana. Hiki ke hōʻemi i ka makaʻi o ka hua i mua o ka ʻohi ʻana. Loaʻa ka hopena o ka potassium, calcium a me boron āpau e hōʻemi ai i ka palu tuber.
Hoʻoikaika ka kalipuna i nā paipu a hoʻēmi i ka palapū
ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka puna kōma i loko o ka tuber e hōʻemi i ka makaʻu i ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana ma hope. Hoʻololi nā ʻano i kā lākou lawe ʻana i ka calcium, akā naʻe, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nitrate calcium ma mua o ka amonium nitrate hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka ʻeha a me kekahi mau ʻano, hiki ke hapa ʻia ka pōʻino. Hōʻike ka hoʻāʻo mai USA i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka calcium nitrate ma mua o ka ammonium nitrate i hopena i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium i loko o nā tubers ma kahi o nā ʻano like ʻole.
Hoʻonui ka Boron i ka pono o ka puna
Kōkua ʻo Boron i ka paʻa ʻana o ka calcium i loko o nā paia o ka pūnaewele a hoʻopili pū i ka lawe ʻana o ka calcium, no laila he mea nui nā lako e hōʻoia i ka meaʻai kaulike a hoʻonui i nā pono o ka calcium i noi ʻia. Hōʻike ka hoʻāʻo i ka hopena o ka boron i ka ʻike calcium o nā tubers a pēlā pū kekahi me ka hanana o ka palapū tuber.